History & Society

History & Society

Trace how culture, power, and ideas shape societies across time.

Four workers assemble a large wooden tank using scaffolding and ladders at an outdoor construction site, with stacks of materials in the background.
What would your company do if it lost all its customers at once?
Children in vintage clothing play on a seesaw and gather nearby in a park setting with adults, trees, and classic playgrounds in the background.
The modern playground was more than a place to play — it was a blueprint for a new kind of upbringing.
A spreadsheet with tan cells displays a pixelated red frowning face made by filling selected cells.
Humans are naturally creative, but adulthood often teaches us to value productivity over play.
A sketch of a human figure bending over and looking at three overlapping pink magic-circles on a plain white background.
From early arcades to AI-generated worlds, video games have continually expanded the “magic circle” of play.
A vintage illustration of a woman with a pensive expression, resting her head on her hand, overlaid with swirling white lines.
3mins
Older cultures made room for mourning. Today, we often rush it, and it comes with a cost. Three experts explain.
Unlikely Collaborators
Book cover for "What Science Says About Astrology" by Carlos Orsi, featuring astrological symbols and geometric lines on a blue and black background, reflecting what science says about astrology.
Vague predictions and post hoc revisions help astrology feel meaningful, even while it fails empirical testing.
A stylized drawing of a classical statue’s eyes is overlaid with a pale abstract shape resembling a bird's head and wing, evoking themes of dead closure, all set against a beige background.
Why we shouldn't necessarily outsource our thinking to dead people.
A vivid image of a bright, colorful galaxy with swirling red, blue, and white clouds of gas and dust, where galaxies collide amid distant stars in the dark, expanding universe.
Astronomers study our cosmic history through stellar and galactic archaeology. But we can't conduct archaeology in space. At least, not yet.
A sliced onion bulb with roots and stem, illuminated from behind and set against a black background, resembles the delicate layers of daffodils in bloom.
What the near-death experiences of daffodils can teach us about resilience, death, and becoming someone new.
A robot stands next to a young girl who is sitting at a table, writing in a notebook with food and drinks nearby.
A look at what could be if we ignore the doomers and make the most of AI.
Ancient wall fresco depicting a standing human figure, surrounded by red, green, and brown decorative panels—an evocative remnant bearing the marks of history’s lost voices and the passage of time.
Historian Jess Venner discusses how “critical fabulation” can help reveal the lived experiences of Pompeii’s voiceless residents.
two particles different wavelength speed of light
Contrary to common experience, not everything needs a medium to travel through. Overcoming that assumption removes the need for an aether.
Four maps of Ireland from 1800, 1850, 1900, and 2000 show a steady decline in areas where Irish is spoken natively, marked in green, nearly disappearing by 2000.
Gaeilge is trending culturally. So why is it, according to census data, also dying?
Split image: left side shows a pencil sketch of a person's lower face, while the right reveals a painted portrait's lower face and neck with a red beaded necklace and ruffled collar—capturing hints of why we talk funny.
Long before today's debates, immigration was already transforming the American accent into something distinctively its own.
A color-enhanced image shows Pluto planet in the foreground with its moon Charon in the background, both set against a black space backdrop.
In 2006, Pluto was controversially demoted to "dwarf planet" by the IAU. Unless you ignore most of astrophysics, it won't ever be one again.
Dune features a determined protagonist in Frank Herbert's science fiction masterpiece.
These initially sympathetic characters take readers down a dark path.
A person with hair floating upwards looks out of a spacecraft window at Earth, filled with hope as clouds and oceans shimmer below—a view reminiscent of the Artemis II mission’s journey.
NASA has just sent astronauts back to the Moon for the first time since 1972 with Artemis II. So why would we cut NASA and NSF science now?
a painting of a group of men standing next to each other.
From landscaped gardens to road systems, the Persians were among the first to create many things we still enjoy today.
A fork holds a piece of lettuce, partially obscured by a bright yellow glow against a dark background.
A growing movement is trying to turn energy directly into food — reviving an old dream of escaping the violence and inefficiency of eating.
Illustration of Earth overlaid with a grid and energy types from the Kardashev Scale: Type I, II, and III, representing planetary, stellar, and galactic energy usage.
The famous framework ranks civilizations by energy use — but ignores a critical factor that can halt their progress.